Although poetry is more than the words it's made of, there are methods you can use to better translate the image, emotions, or thoughts in your head onto the page and recreate the moment. So after you are able to transfer your poem onto paper, consider some of the following aspects of it to see if you can better convey what you mean to say (hey, that rhymed!).

The title of your poem is always important, because it's kind of like the headline of your poem. It sets the entire tone. As such, there is also a lot of ways to pique interest in your poem and play around with your title. For instance, a haiku with a super long title. Or a poem where the title can serve as your first line. Have fun with it, and consider whether or not you would read a poem with your title.

It's been a trend recently, at least in the poems I'm reading, to strategically use capitalization to convey the state of mind of the narrator or the general mood of the poem. One of the most noticeable uses of it that I think is most meaningful is not capitalizing "I". It illustrates that the narrator isn't confident, and feels that they don't deserve to be capitalized. You can also use capitalization, like in the middle of a line, to emphasize a word. The reason the capitalization is meaningful is because poetry is also very visual, and details like that of this one can add to the reader's experience.

Archetypes are one of the things I learned in school from reading poetry and short stories, and the concept in itself is pretty cool. Essentially, it's how certains things (colors, numbers, seasons, time of day) have various meanings and connotations that can be utilized, and the knowledge of these symbols and what they mean is knowledge every person already has when their born. Neat, right? Some examples are winter symbolizes death, and light symbolizes knowledge. Perhaps not all of your readers will consciously notice these, but utilizing archetypes can add another dimension to your poetry, and using specific symbols can add undercurrents and depth to your poem. (I'll post a list soon & link it, but for now you'll have to look them up)

Punctuation is important in your poem, particularly because poetry can also become aural (the listen version of visual). As maybe your teachers have told you, you aren't supposed to pause at the end of each line-- it's at the punctuation. The use of punctuation, or lack of thereof, can be used to indicate states of mind, the cadence of the poem, etc.

This one relates back to the visual aspect of poetry. Line breaks give more air to your piece, which also adds to the form of it. I've seen poem in the shape of a lightning bolt, and created one with different justifications (left, right, center), so there's definitely a lot to fiddle with.

This one is kind of self-explanatory, but what I'm getting at here is the flow or choppiness of a poem. This is partially controlled by punctuation and line breaks (for phrasing), and really affects the way your (or the narrator's) voice will come through. The best way to determine if it flows the way you'd like it to is to read it aloud. 

...yeah, this one encompasses a lot. And they affect everything above this. Similes, metaphors, repetition, alliteration, and rhyme are probably some of the main ones, or most noticeable ones, but there is also assonance, consonance, onomatopoeia, etc. Idioms aren't too common though, but it can be fun to put a spin on common idioms. I think it's important to look at what each poetic device does to it's reader as well. For example, the similes and metaphors affect the imagery of a poem. Repetition, alliteration, consonance, and assonance slow the reader down, making them move attention to the words. Rhyme gives the poem a certain cadence-y feeling to it. Most of these poetic devices should come naturally within the writing, and if it doesn't don't force it! Overdoing it with poetic devices can definitely detract from your poetry's original messages.

And I believe that concludes the technical elements! I like to think that the consideration of these elements should come in the editing phase, but you have the ultimate jurisdiction over that. Hope this helped, and let me know how it went + any questions down in the comments!